A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF Eichhornia crassipes, Lemna minor AND Pistias stratiotes IN THE PHYTOEMEDIATI

Surat's textile industry contributes to a considerable volume of textile effluent being treated in CETPs (Common Effluent Treatment Plants) and treated water being released into the Tapi River via numerous khadis, with the river Tapi eventually emptying into the Arabian Sea. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and heavy metals are all present in significant amounts in textile effluent. Phytoremediation using AMATS (Aquatic Macrophytes Treatment Systems) is a well-established and emerging remediation technology for contaminated soils, groundwater, and wastewater, and it is a low-cost and environmentally beneficial technique that was used in this study. Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), Duckweed (Lemna minor), and Water lettuce (Pistias stratiostes) were used in a lab scale comparative study to remediate untreated polyester based textile effluent entering the PEPL (Palsana Enviro Protection Limited) CETP and determine their effectiveness in remediation without the use of fertilisers to sustain their growth. The discharge limits were also compared to the physicochemical parameters. The pH, TDS, Cl-, COD, S-2, and Phosphorous of the treated water were investigated using the APHA standard technique. Water hyacinth is the most promising of the three macrophytes for removing contaminants from textile wastewater, with a COD reduction of 58.65%, a sulphide reduction of 100%, a TDS reduction of 18.28%, and a phosphorous reduction of 100%. As a result, water hyacinth cleaned up better than duck weeds and water lettuce. Recommendations for greater cleanup goals and plant survival were also provided.

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