CHECKLIST AND ROLE OF VEGETATION IN THE DETERIORATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES CONTRIBUTION TO THE

Plants with a high potential for dispersal are frequently found in archaeological sites, which are essentially natural settings with ideal circumstances for plant growth. As a result, conservationists are frequently confronted with the aesthetic, chemical, and mechanical problems that come with significant vegetation growth. This research focuses on identifying plant species, notably vascular and non-vascular plants, that have invaded the Chellah archaeological site in Rabat. This Phoenician stopover, which dates back to the 7th century B.C., has had periods of occupation followed by extended periods of abandonment, allowing for the growth of dense and varied vegetation.

Surveys of ancient masonry resulted in the identification of 58 species of vascular plants grouped into 33 families and 51 genera. The Asteraceae family has the most species, with eight, Brassicaceae has five, Solanaceae has three, and Lamiaceae has three.

Bryophytes were sampled in a systematic way, and 20 species from 10 different botanical groups were discovered. The Muscinae class has 13 species, while the Hepatics include 6 taxa.

The nature, coverage, and kind of fixing to the substrate were all considered in the study of Chellah biodeterioration by the mentioned plants. To protect this archaeological monument, which has been on the UNESCO World Heritage List since 2012, a struggle against this occurrence is required.

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