EFFECT OF SOME PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL TREATMENTS AND TEMPERATURE ON THE SEEDS GERMINATION OF HAWTHORN

Experiments were conducted to determine the effect of various physical (warm and cold stratification) and chemical treatments (scarification with sulphuric acid 98 percent at various durations) on the breaking of the double dormancy (endocarp inhibition and embryonic dormancy) affecting the seeds of oneseed hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna Jacq.) collected from shrubs that grow spontaneously in the Tessala mount (West-Algerian). Germination was tested at 20°C and 25°C in an oven. Chemical scarification using sulfuric acid for 30 and 60 minutes, along with warm and cold stratification, improves seed germination potential when compared to seeds not treated with sulphuric acid. Indeed, these pretreatments (stratification and scarification) have allowed for maximum germination capacities of 62 5.38 percent at 25°C and 57 1.65 percent at 20°C, respectively, while seeds not treated with sulphuric acid and subjected only to cold stratification have the lowest capacities of 24 5.08 percent and 25 0.86 percent at 20°C and 25°C, respectively. Scarification also benefits the user by increasing the velocity coefficient and decreasing the time lag. When the scarification time exceeds 60 minutes, the seeds begin to deteriorate.

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