GIS BASED ASSESSMENT OF SURFACE WATER POLLUTION IN THE QUA IBOE RIVER BASIN, SOUTH EASTERN NIGERIA..

The goal of this study was to assess the level of surface water contamination in the Qua Iboe River Basin using Geographic Information System (GIS) methodologies. Five sampling points were chosen from each of the basin's three zones using a table of random numbers. Nutrients, metals, and physio-chemical characteristics were investigated as three pollution parameters. To create layers for each pollution indicator, multi-criteria approaches were used with the spatial analyst extension's interpolation function in ArcMap software. Using the single output map algebra of the spatial analyst extension in ArcMap, a final pollution map was created by integrating the three resultant layers of nutrients, heavy metals, and physico-chemical characteristics. The pollution surface generated revealed that the lower parts of the basin were heavily contaminated, with the highest incidence in the areas of Esit Eket, Ibeno, and Eket. Most places in the middle and upper parts of the basin, on the other hand, were found to be either slightly polluted or unpolluted. However, the three-zone one-way ANOVA test revealed that the variance in pollutants was not significant at the 0.05 level of significance. The significant level of pollution seen in Ibeno indicates that strong policies must be implemented. It's also a good idea to promote increased public knowledge about the effects of human activities on water bodies. Corporate enterprises, as well as government environmental authorities, should encourage comprehensive and regular examinations of the health of water basins.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/JOGEE/article/view/524