GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSE OF FOUR SUGARCANE CULTIVARS TO DIFFERENT SOIL MOISTURE REGIMES AT KENANA

Field experiments were conducted for two years (2012–13 and 2013–14) in Kenana Sugar Scheme, Sudan (latitude 13°10' N and longitude 32°40' E) on heavy clay soils with 65 percent clay, 24 percent silt, 11 percent sand, and a pH of 7.5–8.5 to investigate the response of sugarcane growth and yield of four sugarcane cultivars, namely Co 6806, Co 997, R 579, and TUC 75-3, Irrigation treatments were started three months after sowing in both seasons and continued until the crop was 13 months old. The Penman-Monteith technique was used to calculate the reference evapotranspiration for the Kenana Sugar Scheme. It was calculated how much water was needed to irrigate sugarcane plants. The results showed that irrigation based on the depletion of 75-80 percent of available soil moisture resulted in lower yield and yield components, whereas irrigation based on the depletion of 55-60 percent of available soil moisture followed by 25-30 percent depletion resulted in the best yield and yield components. The effect of irrigation at different soil moisture levels on cane and sugar yields revealed that irrigation based on a depletion of 55-60 percent out-yielded irrigation based on a depletion of 25-30 percent and 75-80 percent of available soil moisture. In terms of cultivar performance, the cultivar Co 6806 produced the maximum cane and sugar production, followed by cultivars Co 997, R 579, and TUC 75-3. The current study also found that increasing the irrigation amount after depleting the available soil moisture by 25-30% did not raise the marketable yield of the sugarcane crop, but did significantly (P0.05) lower irrigation production efficiency.

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