POLLUTION AND HEALTH HAZARDS: ENVIRONMENTAL ISOLATES OF Enterococcus faecalis AND Enterococcus

Infections associated with medical care are becoming more common. Human opportunistic pathogens Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium infect patients. We previously conducted microbiological analysis near Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico, on the Mololoa River. Sewage and municipal trash confinement leakage are two different sources of pollution. We discovered numerous enterococci isolates that were resistant to both antibiotics and heavy metals. In this work, we looked for virulence genes (asa1, gelE, hyl, esp, and cylA) in 18 isolated isolates from four distinct locations to see if pathogenic enterococci were present. All of the isolates tested were hemolysin negative and lacked one or more of the key virulence genes. We show that the abundance of potentially virulent enterococci strains in water bodies is quite variable, and that additional factors may be implicated in the development of disease caused by this species of bacteria.

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