REMEDIATION OF CRUDE OIL-POLLUTED SURFACE WATER USING AQUA-GEL BENTONITE, PERIWINKLE SHELL CHITOSAN

Crude oil contamination in oil-producing areas has turned into a nightmare for host communities and a biosphere hazard. The jar test apparatus is used to evaluate the coagulation and flocculation of crude oil in water utilising aqua-gel Bentonite, Periwinkle shell-Chitosan extract, and sawdust in the presence of calcium hydroxide at room temperature. The second order perikinetic functional parameters such as Coag-flocculation constant (K), Collision factor for Brownian Transport (BR), Collision Efficiency (p), and Coagulation Period / half-life (1/2) were evaluated at varying pH and dosage with Chitosan extracted from periwinkle shell for use as coagulant in combination with sawdust and Bentonite in the ratio 0.375:1:0.375. The turbidity of a jar text equipment was measured using the nephlometric standard method. The idea of Perikinetics was supported by the kinetic analysis, with a maximum efficiency of 84.41 percent correlating to second order kinetics at pH 12 and 11 g/l, with a rate constant of 0.0002 l/g, BR of 0.0004, and 1/2 of 21 minutes.

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