REVITALIZING GROUNDWATER AND HYDROCARBON IMPACTED SOIL USING INSITU/EXSITU REMEDIATION TECHNIQUES...

With the multiple spills occurring throughout the Niger Delta from diverse sources, it has become critical to remediate the afflicted areas. Remediation is the process of restoring an effected region that has been contaminated by crude oil. Bioremediation can be viewed from two perspectives: in-situ and ex-situ techniques. Both procedures are primarily intended to remove pollutants from soil and ground water. While the Insitu strategy deals with contamination in the subsurface, the Exsitu strategy deals with contamination on the surface. Examples of in-situ strategies include Biosparging and Bioventing, whereas examples of ex-situ techniques include the deployment of landfarming strategies and Biopiling. This study included both in-situ and ex-situ remedial strategies. Landfarming as an exsitu remediation strategy was specifically applied to address the soil component of the research effort. While a biosparging remediation approach was used to treat groundwater contamination. Biosparging and land farming techniques have demonstrated that when used in tandem, remediation, particularly of groundwater, can be completed more quickly. The exhumed impacted soil was subjected to landfarming-related procedures. Exhumed contaminated soil was put over a prepared bed area for aeration or oxygenation. The spread soil was frequently tilled before windrows were built to aid in the aeration process. Before being returned, the total petroleum hydrocarbons of land farmed soil were considerably reduced. This is consistent with the International Centre for Soil and Contaminated Sites' (2006) belief that "Effective remediation by landfarming will promote microbial activities that will eventually resolve soil pollution." Similarly, the impacted ground water felt the impact of this action, and with the addition of the sparging activities, the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon level in the groundwater decreased over the course of the project. Biosparging activities affect not just the reduction of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) in groundwater, but also other contaminants of concern such as benzene.

Please see the link :- https://www.ikprress.org/index.php/JACSI/article/view/7472