TECHNICAL DOCUMENT ON EARLY BLIGHT OF TOMATO | Journal of Global Agriculture and Ecology
Early blight, caused by Alternaria solani Ellis and Martin, is one of the most severe fungal diseases that damage tomato crops, resulting in significant losses. Early blight manifests itself on the lower parts of plants as leaf blight. Early blight spreads upward, and by early to mid-summer, most of the tomato plants in the garden have "fired up" their foliage. Leaves turn yellow, wither, and fall off plants as the disease spreads. Defoliation lowers the photosynthetic rate and raises the rate of respiration in healthy tissue. Tomato plants that have been extensively afflicted produce low yields of little fruits. Because there are no leaves to shelter the fruit from direct sunlight, it is generally showing indications of sunscald. Early blight usually appears in the early spring, when the weather is humid and the transplants have yet to set. These conditions are perfect for A. solani to infect young tomato plants. However, the most essential factor for the widespread prevalence of this condition is the enormous popularity of tomatoes. Early blight is expected to cause annual economic yield losses of around 80%. Due to a lack of dependable resistant cultivars, early blight is now managed by cultural methods and fungicide sprays. The current understanding of the causal agents of tomato early blight, symptoms and signs, epidemiology, ecology, disease development, disease cycle, and disease treatment are all included in this technical text.
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