THE IMPACT OF HERBICIDES ON FRESHWATER FUNGI ISOLATED FROM SUBMERGED WOOD | Journal of Global

The effects of two herbicides, glyphosate and atrazine, on biomass production of freshwater fungus isolated from submerged wood in a stream in Rivers State, Nigeria, were investigated. The spread plate method was used to isolate the fungus. For 14 days at 28 degrees Celsius, the main isolates were subjected to varied doses of glyphosate (0, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 mg/l) and atrazine (0, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 mg/l) in a specified medium. Mycelial dry weight was used to calculate biomass production, and percent inhibition or increase was calculated. Sporoschisma, Nigrospora, Ochroconis, Fusarium, Cladosporium, Penicillium, Trichophyton, and Candida were found in varying numbers, with Sporoschisma, Nigrospora, and Ochroconis predominant. Fungal growth was generally promoted at 10 mg/l herbicide concentrations, but was suppressed as herbicide concentrations increased. The fungal isolates have varying degrees of increment and inhibition. Herbicide concentrations and inhibition values were shown to have a positive relationship. Because fungi can be isolated from decaying wood, they could be involved in lignin mineralization and processing in freshwater ecosystems. The reduction in biomass production of wood-inhabiting fungus species exposed to atrazine or glyphosate concentrations more than 10 mg/l could have an adverse effect on their ecological functions. As a result of herbicides' inhibitory effect on fungal species, organic substrates may accumulate in the ecosystem.

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