THE INFLUENCE OF THE SALINITY AND WEED CONTROL TREATMENTS ON SOME BARLEY CULTIVARS AND ITS ASSOCIATE

Salinity as an abiotic stress and weeds as a biotic stress impair the yield and quality of barley cultivated on new and peripheral territories in Egypt, posing a constraint to barley production. During the winter seasons of 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, two lysimeter tests were done. Using three factors in a completely randomised design (CRD) with three replications, researchers investigated four saline water levels (2.33, 4,8, and 12dSm-1) to distinguish salinity stress tolerance among four Egyptian barley cultivars (Giza 123, Giza 132, Giza 137, and Giza 138), as well as find a suitable weed control treatment under salinity stress. The major findings showed that four SSR primers (Bmac 0040, EBmac0871, Bmag 135 and Bmag 770) produced unambiguous patterns with high polymorphism (100%) and allowed plant breeders to select individual plants based on their marker pattern (genotype) rather than their observable features (phenotype). Amplified particular allele with 260 bp molecular size discovered in salt tolerance cultivars (Giza 123 and Giza 137) as a tolerant to salinity using Bmag 770. Individually and in combination, the three parameters tested (salinity, weed stress, and weed control techniques) had a substantial impact on weed populations and barley yield. The interaction between the trial's factors and the prescribed herbicides (bromoxynil octanoate at 1 L fed-1) + (clodinafop propargyl 2.5 percent + Pinoxaden 2.5 percent) at 0. 5 L fed-1) resulted in the greatest means of the analysed characteristics and economic criteria. As a result, these interactions could be recommended in barley farms to reduce weed growth and adverse effects in saline circumstances while also increasing barley plantation output. Economic criteria show that Giza 137 is a good cultivar for salinity soil because of its high weed tolerance ability (WTA), and Giza 123 is a good cultivar for salinity soil but has a low WAT, so herbicides should be used as weed management to reduce weed population and increase yield, thereby increasing farmer's income in salinity soil areas.

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