TREE DIVERSITY IN TROPICAL FOREST IN THE JAVADI HILLS IN THE EASTERN GHATS, INDIA | Journal of ....

Forest resources are important carbon sinks and are widely recognised as essential to the long-term sustainability of local and global concerns in terms of global carbon cycle and economic development. Anthropogenic activities have a negative impact on biodiversity. The goal of this study is to assess tree diversity and population structure in tropical forests in the Javadi hills of India's Eastern Ghats. In comparison to other elevations, the mid-elevation (mostly undisturbed forest) has a high species richness (number of species). Low–elevation woods have the least amount of species diversity. Tree abundance, on the other hand, was found to be more valuable in low-elevation forests than in higher-elevation forests. Similarly, the Shannon diversity index was higher in low-elevation forests than in other woods, possibly because to the higher evenness in these forests than in mid-elevation forests. Albizia amara was the most common tree species in low- and mid-elevation forests, followed by Azadirachta indica, Premna tomentosa, Anogeissus latifolia, Phyllanthus emblica, and Santalum album, while Diospyros ferrea, Cassia fistula, and Celtis tetrandra were the most common species in high-elevation forests. Sapling populations (3 cm - 10 cm DBH) contributed the most in high-elevation forests, followed by low- and mid-elevation forests. On the other hand, seedling contribution ( 3 cm DBH) exhibited a tendency in the opposite direction. Cut-stem enumeration revealed that low-elevation woods had the highest value, followed by high- and mid-elevation forests. The species richness index had a strong negative connection with the disturbance index. The current study demonstrates that the forest ecosystem restores a significant amount of tree species richness in this area, which is particularly threatened by anthropogenic pressure. As a result, prompt conservation measures are essential to protect dwindling supplies.

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